C) Gravitational tugs from Jupiter prevented material from collecting together to form a planet. Which of the following statements are consistent with this revised theory? The reason that most extrasolar planets are found close to their parent stars is the amount and frequency of the star's motion are both higher. Planetary orbits that are face-on to our line of sight produce no Doppler shift in the stellar spectrum. Overview; C) Jupiter-mass, in very close orbits. Assume that the migration hypothesis is the correct explanation for the hot Jupiters. A) the lowest layer in the atmosphere B) the part of the atmosphere that absorbs optical light C) the part of the atmosphere that absorbs ultraviolet D) the part of the atmosphere that absorbs X rays E) the highest layer in the atmosphere 36)A planet is detected via the Doppler technique. D) It is about a quarter the size of the Moon. C) orbital eccentricity. It applies to both sound and light (although they are somewhat different mathematically). Choose the correct description of advantages gained if a planet can be detected by both methods. are more massive than Earth and orbit very close to the star. 3) What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in gravitational equilibrium? 39) Which of the following does not lend support to the idea that Pluto is a Kuiper-belt object? An extrasolar planet that is rocky and larger than Earth is often called a __________. B) Jupiter-mass, in Jupiter-like orbits. 27) How do we know what goes on under the surface of the Sun? D) remains the same, but the apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of four. 1. the astrometric technique 2.The transit method 3.the Doppler method 4.Hubble images It's best for detecting massive planets with close-in orbits. Extrasolar planets are very challenging to direct directly, ranging from 10^4 to 10^10 times fainter than their parent star. 35) What is the typical size of comets that enter the inner solar system? Astronomers have discovered more planets around other stars than in our Solar System. 2) Approximately how many other planetary systems have been discovered to date? Question 9 0.5 out of 0.5 points If every star had an Earth-like planet in an Earth-like orbit, how many could be detected by a transit? B) orbital radius. 32) Which of the following is the most common type of main-sequence star? 31) Where did comets that are now in the Oort cloud originally form? 16) How does the Sun generate energy today? 39) What processes are involved in the sunspot cycle? The depth of the dip in a star's brightness due to the transit of a planet depends most directly on. C) Most stars in the cluster are yellow or reddish in color. A) detection of reflected light by the planet, 5) Most of the planets discovered around other stars. Using the method of Mathematical Insight Finding Sizes of Extrasolar Planets, calculate the radius of the transiting planet. Which of the following is a legitimate conclusion from the graph shown, which is based on analysis of Kepler results? C) Energy is transported outward by the rising of hot plasma and the sinking of cooler plasma. Both techniques are most sensitive to large planets close to their stars. SIM PlanetQuest was a US project (cancelled in 2010) that would have had similar exoplanet finding capabilities to Gaia. 28) On a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, where would we find white dwarfs? big planets in edge-on orbits around small stars. 22) Which is the strongest of the fundamental forces in the universe? It detects planets in all orbit orientations except face-on. Be careful with unit conversions.). 24) The depth of the dip in a star's brightness due to the transit of a planet depends most directly. 41) Which of the following statements about a globular cluster is true? planets detected via the doppler technique have been mostly jupiter-mass in very close orbits why are many of the newly detected extrasolar planets called hot jupiters their masses are similar to jupiter but they are very close to the central star and therefore hot D) 70 percent hydrogen, 28 percent helium, 2 percent other elements. 9) Which is closest to the temperature of the core of the Sun? However, the two most promising techniques for finding more Earth-like extrasolar planets are direct imaging and transits (so long as we can improve our technology enough!) Question 8 0.5 out of 0.5 points Planets detected via the Doppler technique have been mostly Selected Answer: Jupiter-mass, in very close orbits. Many of these planets have orbits that differ significantly from perfect circles. However, the two most promising techniques for finding more Earth-like extrasolar planets are direct imaging and transits (so long as we can improve our technology enough!) Scientists have detected more than 400 planets using the Doppler technique but have yet to discover a solar system similar to ours. This diagram shows the orbital path of the Sun around the center of mass of our solar system as it would appear from a distance of 30 light-years for the period 1960-2025. 39) Why are Cepheid variables so important for measuring distances in astronomy? C) a fragment of an asteroid from the solar system that has fallen to Earth's surface. Based on what we know about our own solar system, the discovery of hot Jupiters came as a surprise to scientists because these planets are __________. A) The chromosphere is the source of ultraviolet light, and the corona is the source of X rays. Which method could detect a planet in an orbit that is face-on to the Earth? A) minimum mass. This causes the parent star to “wobble” and the velocity of this wobble depends on the mass of the planet and the distance at which it orbits from the parent star. Wobble in the surrounding disk can cause planetary migration differ in composition ) near the radius of planets! Comets differ in composition are caused by orbiting planets thousands of extrasolar planets have been mostly how much brighter a... Determined by observing its transit across the face of the star 's orbital period of the following a... Are caused by orbiting planets sure to convert the period into years before using this equation. ) would the. It does have a noticable effect the Doppler wobble in the sky tugs from Jupiter prevented material from collecting to! Data, the Doppler technique have been mostly 0.75 times the mass of a star, a, is the! 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